College of Agricultural, Human and Natural Resource Sciences

Department of Plant Pathology

Hanu R. Pappu, Ph.D.

Associate Professor and
President Samuel Smith Endowed Chair in Plant Virology

Affiliation: WSU Center for Integrated Biotechnology

 

Research Expertise

Ongoing projects

International Research Initiatives and Collaborations

Several ongoing international collaborative projects with scientists in Australia, Chile, Czech Republic, Egypt, France, India, Kenya, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Peru and Turkey on tospoviruses of vegetables and legumes, and viruses of nursery/landscape/ornamentals.

Professional Experience

Education

Awards and Honors

Invention Disclosures

Pappu, H.R., K. Druffel, and K. Pike 2007. Materials and methods for broad spectrum detection of Barley yellow dwarf serotypes infecting wheat, barley and corn. WSU Research Foundation, Office of Intellectual Property Administration.

Pappu, H.R. and K. Druffel. 2007. A genus-wide molecular test for broad spectrum detection of members of the genus Caulimovirus. WSU Research Foundation, Office of Intellectual Property Administration.

Pappu, H.R., K. Druffel and L.J. du Toit. 2006.   An ELISA-based diagnostic assay for Iris yellow spot virus infection. Methods and materials for a rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of Iris yellow spot virus. WSU Research Foundation, Office of Intellectual Property Administration.

Pappu, H.R., S.D. Wyatt, and K. Druffel.  2004. A Real Time Molecular Assay for the Detection of Dahlia mosaic virus (DMV). Methods and materials for rapid, highly sensitive, and specific detection of DMV. WSU Research Foundation, Office of Intellectual Property Administration.
   

Invited Presentations

Pappu, H.R. 2008. Managing Iris yellow spot virus Epidemics in Onion: Some Do's and Don'ts. California Garlic and Onion Symposium 2008. University of California Allium Workgroup
and the California Garlic and Onion Research Advisory Board. Tulare, CA. February 11, 2008.

Pappu, H.R. 2008. Transmission Biology of Commom Potato Viruses. 2008 Washington State Potato Conference. Moses Lake, WA. February 6-7, 2008.

Pappu, H.R., B. Mandal, R.K. Jain, A.S. Csinos A.K. Culbreath, and D.G. Riley. 2007. Reducing the global impact of thrips-transmitted tospoviruses in diverse cropping systems: Successes gained and challenges that lie ahead. 10th International Plant Virus Epidemiology Symposium: Controlling Epidemics of Emerging and Established Plant Virus Diseases-The Way Forward. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India. 

Pappu, H.R., R. Sampangi, S. Krishna Mohan, H.F. Schwartz and S.I. Rondon. 2007. Thrips-transmitted Iris yellow spot tospovirus epidemics in the US: Understanding the epidemiological factors behind the outbreaks in onion seed and bulb crops.  10th International Plant Virus Epidemiology Symposium: Controlling Epidemics of Emerging and Established Plant Virus Diseases-The Way Forward. 15-19 October, 2007, ICRISAT, Hyderabad, India. 

Pappu, H.R. 2007.  Increasing diversity of viruses in ornamentals: Implications for diagnosis and management. National meeting of the American Dahlia Society, September 5-9, 2007. Pheasant Run Resort, St. Charles, IL.  

Pappu, H.R. 2006. Molecular epidemiology of Iris yellow spot virus. Indo-US Workshop on Plant Molecular Virology.  February 11-12, 2006. Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi, India.

Pappu, H.R. and S.K. Mohan.  2006. Management of Tomato spotted wilt virus epidemics: Lessons learned. National Allium Research Conference, College Station, TX. December 7-8, 2006.

Pappu, H.R. 2006. Biological and molecular aspects of Iris yellow spot virus. National Allium Research Conference, College Station, TX. December 7-8, 2006.

Selected Publications

Biotechnology and Biosafety Assessements

Pappu, H.R. 2004. Insect pollinated crops. Pp 35-48, In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Confinement of Genetically Engineered Crops During Field Testing. USDA-APHIS, Biotechnology Regulatory Services, Riverdale, MD. September 13-14, 2004.

Pappu, H.R. 2002. Aventis CropScience: Availability of Environmental Assessment for Extension of Determination of Non-regulated Status of Canola Genetically Engineered for Glufosinate Herbicide Tolerance. Federal Register 67 (41):9431-9432.
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/brs/fedregister/BRS_20020301a.pdf
http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2002/March/Day-01/i4909.htm

Pappu, H.R. 1999. Biosafety issues of virus-resistant transgenic plants.  pp 51-64. In: Biotechnology, Biosafety and Biodiversity: Scientific and Ethical Issues for Sustainable Development.  S. Shantharam and J.F. Montgomery (Eds.). Science Publishers, Inc. Keene, NH.

Pappu, H.R. and C.L. Niblett. 1995. Application of recombinant DNA technology in plant protection: Molecular approaches to engineering virus resistance in crop plants.  World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 11:426-437.

Review Articles/Book Chapters/Proceedings

Pappu, H.R. 2008. Tomato spotted wilt virus (Bunyaviridae). In: Encyclopedia of Virology. 3rd edition. Brian Mahy and Marc van Regenmortel (Eds.). Elsevier Ltd, Oxford, UK.  In press.

Gent, D., L.J. du Toit, S.F. Fichtner, S. Krishna Mohan, H.R. Pappu, and H.F. Schwartz. 2006.  Iris yellow spot virus: An emerging threat to onion bulb and seed production. Plant Disease. 90:1468-1480.

Munyaneza, J.E, J.M. Crosslin, A.S. Jensen, P.B. Hamm, P.E. Thomas, H.R. Pappu and A. Schreiber. 2005. Update on the potato purple top disease in the Columbia Basin. In: Proceedings, 44th Annual Washington State Potato Conference, 1-3 February 2005, Moses Lake, WA. pp. 57-70.

du Toit, L. J., Pelter, G. Q., and Pappu, H. R. 2004. IYSV challenges to the onion seed industry in Washington. Pages 103, 213-217 in: Proc. National Allium Res. Conf., Grand Junction, CO.  Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.

Bertrand, P.F., and H.R. Pappu. 2001. Pecan bunch. In: Compendium of Nut Tree Diseases. American Phytopathological Society Press, St. Paul, MN.

Culbreath, A.K., J. W. Todd, S.L. Brown, J.A. Baldwin, and H. R. Pappu. 1999. A genetic and cultural package for management of Tomato spotted wilt virus in peanut. Biological and Cultural Tests 14:1-8.

Pappu, H.R. and C.L. Niblett. 1995. Application of recombinant DNA technology in plant protection: Molecular approaches to engineering virus resistance in crop plants. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 11:426-437.

Refereed Journal Articles

Pappu, H.R., K.L. Druffel, R. Miglino, and A. R. van Schadewijk. 2008. Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of a new and distinct caulimovirus associated with dahlia mosaic. Archives of Virology. In press.

Pahalawatta, V., K.L. Druffel, and H.R. Pappu. 2008. A new and distinct species in the genus Caulimovirus exists as an endogenous plant pararetroviral sequence in its host, Dahlia variabilis. Virology. In press.

Pappu, H.R., and K.L Druffel. 2008. Use of conserved genomic regions and degenerate primers in a PCR-based assay for the detection of members of the genus Caulimovirus. Journal of Virological Methods. in press.

Segwagwe, A.T., M.L. Putnam, K.L. Druffel, H.R. Pappu, and K.C. Eastwell. 2008. Molecular characterization of a new tymovirus from Diascia ornamental plants. Archives of Virology. In press.

Pappu, H.R., and M.E. Matheron. 2008. Characterization of Iris yellow spot virus from onion in Arizona. Plant Health Progress. In press.

Pappu, H.R., K.L. Druffel, and K.C. Eastwell. 2008. Canna yellow mottle virus in Canna in Washington State. Plant Disease. In press.

Pahalawatta, V., K.L. Druffel, S.D. Wyatt, K.C. Eastwell, and H.R. Pappu. 2008. Genome structure and organization of a novel and distinct species of genus Caulimovirus (Family Caulimoviridae) associated with dahlia mosaicArchives of Virology 153:733-738.

Huchette, O., C. Bellamy, R. Filomenko, B. Pouleau, S. Seddas, and H.R. Pappu. 2008. Iris yellow spot virus in Shallot and Onion in France. Plant Health Progress. In press.

Pappu, H.R., K.R.W. Hammett, and K.L. Druffel. 2008. First report of Dahlia mosaic virus and Tobacco streak virus in dahlia (Dahlia variabilis) in New Zealand. Plant Disease. In press.

Mandal, B., A.S. Csinos, N. Martinez-Ochoa, and H.R. Pappu. 2008. A highly efficient and high throughput inoculation method for Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus. J. Virological Methods 149:195-198.

Mandal, B., S. Mandal, A.S. Csinos, N. Martinez, A.K. Culbreath and H.R. Pappu. 2008. Biological and molecular analyses of the acibenzolar-S-methyl-induced systemic acquired resistance in flue-cured tobacco against Tomato spotted wilt virus. Phytopathology 98:196-204.

Pappu, H.R., I.M. Rosales, and K.L. Druffel. 2008. Serological and molecular assays for rapid and sensitive detection of Iris yellow spot virus (Genus Tospovirus, Family Bunyaviridae) infection of bulb and seed onion crops. Plant Disease 92: 588-594.

Hoepting, C.A., J. Allen, K. Vanderkooi, M. Hovius, H.R. Pappu, and M.R. McDonald. 2008. First Report of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion in Canada. Plant Disease 92:318.

Miglino, R., A. Jodlowska, H.R. Pappu, and A.R. van Schadewijk, A. R. 2007. A highly sensitive and semi-automated method for genus-wide and species-specific detection of plant viruses of ornamental bulb crops. J. Virological Methods 146:155–164.

Pappu, H.R., and K.L. Druffel. 2007. First report of Streptocarpus flower break virus in the United States. Plant Disease 91:1361.

Sampangi, R.S., S. Krishna Mohan, and H.R. Pappu. 2007. New weed hosts of Iris yellow spot virus. Plant Disease 91:1683.

Poole, G.J., H.R. Pappu, R.M. Davis, and T.A. Turini. 2007. Increasing outbreaks and impact of Iris yellow spot virus in bulb and seed onion crops in the Imperial and Antelope Valleys of California. Plant Health Progress. doi:10.1094/PHP-2007-0508-01-BR.

Mandal, B., M.L. Wells, N. Martinez-Ochoa, A.S. Csinos, and H.R. Pappu. 2007. Symptom development and distribution of Tomato spotted wilt virus in flue-cured tobacco. Annals of Applied Biology 151: 67-75.

Pahalawatta, V., R. Miglino, K.L. Druffel, A. Jodlowska, A. R. van Schadewijk, and H.R. Pappu. 2007. Incidence and relative distribution of distinct caulimoviruses (Genus Caulimovirus, Family Caulimoviridae) associated with dahlia mosaic in Dahlia variabilis. Plant Disease 91:1194-1197.

Gieck, S.L., H.R. Pappu, P.B. Hamm and N.L. David. 2007. First report of Onion Yellow Dwarf Virus, Leek Yellow Stripe Virus, and Garlic Common Latent Virus in garlic in Oregon. Plant Disease 91:461.

Nischwitz, C., H.R. Pappu, S.W. Mullis, A.N. Sparks, D.R. Langston, A.S. Csinos, and R.D. Gitaitis. 2007. Phylogenetic analysis of Iris yellow spot virus isolates from onion (Allium cepa) in Georgia and Peru. J. Phytopathology 155:531-535.

Schwartz, H.F., K. Otto, and H. R. Pappu. 2007. First report of Iris yellow spot virus in commercial leek (Allium porrum L.) in the United States. Plant Disease 91:113.

Pahalawatta, V., K. Druffel and H.R. Pappu. 2007. Seed transmission of Dahlia mosaic virus in Dahlia pinnata. Plant Disease 91:88-91.

Hoepting, C.A., H.F. Schwartz, and H.R. Pappu. 2007. First report of Iris yellow spot virus in onion in New York. Plant Disease 91:327.

Miller, M, R. Saldana, M. C. Black, and H.R. Pappu. 2006.  First report of Iris yellow spot virus on onion (Allium cepa) in Texas. Plant Disease 90:1359.

Mandal, B., H.R. Pappu, A.S. Csinos, and A.K. Culbreath. 2006. Response of peanut, pepper, tobacco, and tomato cultivars to two biologically distinct isolates of Tomato spotted wilt virus. Plant Disease 90:1150-1155.

Pappu, H.R., L.J. du Toit, H.F. Schwartz and K. Mohan. 2006. Sequence diversity of the Nucleoprotein gene of Iris yellow spot virus (genus Tospovirus, family Bunyaviridae) isolates from the western region of the United States. Archives of Virology 151:1015-1023.

Pappu, H.R., B.C. Hellier and F.M. Dugan, 2006. Wild Allium spp as natural hosts of Iris yellow spot virusPlant Disease 90:378.

Rosales, M., H.R. Pappu,  L. López, R. Mora and A. Aljaro. 2005.  Iris yellow spot virus in onion in Chile. Plant Disease 89: 1245.

Pappu, H.R., B.C. Hellier and F.M. Dugan, 2005. First report of Onion yellow dwarf virus, Leek yellow stripe virus and Garlic common latent virus in garlic in Washington State. Plant Disease 89: 205.

Pappu, H.R., S.D. Wyatt, and K. Druffel. 2005. Dahlia mosaic virus: Molecular detection and distribution in dahlia in the United States. HortScience 40: 697-699.

Crowe, F., and H.R. Pappu. 2005. Outbreak of Iris yellow spot virus on onion in seed crops in central Oregon. Plant Disease 89:105.

Riley, D.G. and H. R. Pappu. 2004.  Tactics for Management of Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomatoJournal of Economic Entomology 97:1648-1658.

du Toit, L.J., H. R. Pappu, K. L. Druffel, and G. Q. Pelter. 2004.  Iris yellow spot virus in onion bulb and seed crops in Washington State. Plant Disease 88:222.

Yang, H., P. Ozias-Akins, A. K. Culbreath, D. W. Gorbet, J. R. Weeks, B. Mandal and H. R. Pappu. 2004. Field evaluation of Tomato spotted wilt virus resistance in transgenic peanut. Plant Disease 88: 259-264.

Díaz-Pérez, J.C., K. D. Batal, D. Granberry, D. Bertrand, D. Giddings, and H.R. Pappu. 2003. Growth and yield of tomato plastic film mulches as affected by Tomato spotted wilt virus. HortScience 38:395-399.

McPherson, R.M., D.C. Jones, H.R. Pappu, and J.M. Moore. 2003. Reducing the risks of Tomato spotted wilt virus in tobacco with selected thrips control practices. J. Agric. Urban Entomol. 11-23.

Mandal, B., H. R. Pappu, A. K. Culbreath, C. C. Holbrook, D. W. Gorbet and J. W. Todd. 2002. Differential response of selected peanut genotypes to mechanical inoculation by Tomato spotted wilt virus. Plant Disease 86: 939-944.

Extension/Outreach

Providing diagnostics for growers and county faculty for a wide range of viruses of vegetables, small grains, legumes, and ornamentals.

Develop print and electronic educational and informational materials for stakeholders, delivers talks at stakeholder meetings of vegetables/legumes and ornamentals.

Presentations at Grower Meetings

Annual meeting of the Idaho-Eastern Oregon Onion Growers Association. Ontario, OR. February 6, 2007. "Managing Iris yellow spot virus epidemics in bulb and seed onion crops".

Annual meeting of the Pacific Northwest Vegetable Association. Pasco, WA. November 17, 2007. “An update on thrips and Iris yellow spot virus”.

Aannual meeting of the American Dahlia Society, September 5-9, 2007, St. Charles, IL. "Inncreasing diversity of viruses in dahlia and the implications for diagnosis and management".

Annual meeting of the Pacific Northwest Vegetable Association. Pasco, WA. November 17, 2006. “Iris yellow spot virus: An update”.

National meeting of the American Dahlia Society, Seattle, WA. August 26-29, 2004. Presented a paper, “Diagnosis and management of viruses of dahlia”.

Annual meeting of the Pacific Northwest Vegetable Association. Pasco, WA. November 17, 2004. “Iris yellow spot virus on onions: Current status in Pacific Northwest and management options”.

Diagnostic Aides

Nursery/Landscape/Floral Crops

Pappu, H.R. and K.L. Druffel. 2007. Canna yellow mottle virus infection of canna. Image of the Week. www.apsnet.org . American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. In review.

Pappu, H.R. 2007. Symptoms of Hosta virus X on hosta. Image of the Week. www.apsnet.org.  American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. In review.

Chastagner, G., and H.R. Pappu. 2007. Symptoms of Tobacco rattle virus on peony. Image of the Week. www.apsnet.org.  American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. In review.

Pappu, H.R. 2004. A pictorial guide to symptoms and diagnosis of dahlia mosaic in dahlia. Bulletin of the American Dahlia Society, December 2004.

Pappu, H.R. and S.D. Wyatt. 2003. Virus Diseases of Dahlia. A web page with information on diagnosis and management of viral diseases of dahlia. http://dahlia.wsu.edu

Pappu, H.R., and S.D. Wyatt. 2003. Dahlia mosaic virus. A description of symptoms on dahlia. APSnet Image of the Week. http://apsnet.org/online/archive/2003/IW000032.asp  

Vegetables

Pappu, H.R., R. Sampangi and S. Krishna Mohan. 2006. Symptoms of Iris yellow spot virus on onion. APSnet Image of the Week. http://apsnet.org/online/Archive/2006/IW000075.asp

Hellier, B., H.R. Pappu, and F. Dugan. 2005. Symptoms of Iris yellow spot virus on wild onion. APSnet Image of the Week. http://apsnet.org/online/archive/2004/iw000049.asp 

du Toit, L.J., Pelter, G.Q., and Pappu, H.R. 2003. Iris yellow spot virus. APSnet Image of the Week. http://apsnet.org/online/archive/2003/IW000030.asp 

Mandal, B., H.R. Pappu, and A.S. Csinos. 2003. Suppressive effect of acibenzolar-S-methyl on Tomato spotted wilt virus. APSnet ‘Image of the Week’. http://www.apsnet.org/online/Archive/2003/IW000022.asp 

Pappu, H.R. 2000. Tomato spotted wilt virus on pepper. APSnet ‘Image of the Week'. http://www.apsnet.org/online/Archive/2000/iw000016.asp.

Graduate Students

- Vihanga Pahalawatta. Ph.D. Graduated in summer 2007
Presnet occupation: Lecturer, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka
- Sahar Eid. Ph.D. student started in fall 2007
- Yu-Hsuan Lin, Ph.D. student started in summer 2008

Member, Graduate Student Advisory Committees:

Olufemi Alabi, PhD in Plant Pathology. Started in fall 2005.
Heyan Huang, PhD, University of Idaho, Started in fall 2005
Sanchita Haldar, PhD in Plant Pathology. Started in fall 2006.
Dan Villamor, PhD in Plant Pathology. Started in fall 2005.
Josh Lloyd, MS, University of Idaho. Graduated in 2006.
Catalina Leger. M.S. in Plant Pathology. Graduated in 2006.
Christopher Hammond. M.S. in Plant Pathology. Graduated in 2004.
Leigh Anne Harrison. M.S. in Plant Pathology. Graduated in 2006.
Hui Hou. M.S. in Plant Pathology. Graduated in 2006.
Amogelang Segwagwe. Ph.D. in Plant Pathology. Graduated in 2007.

Lab Personnel

-- Ms. Keri Druffel, Resarch Associate
-- Dr. Venkatesan Gounder, Post-doctoral associate
-- Ms. Sahar Eid, Graduate Student, PhD
-- Ms. Yu-Hsuan Lin, Graduate Student, PhD

 

Visiting Scientists/Post-Doctoral Fellows

-- Mr. Joaquin Diaz, Staff Scientist, Mexican Department of Agriculture, August 2007.
-- Dr. Marlene Rosales, Staff Scientist, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Centro Regional de Investigación La Platina, Santiago, Chile. September 2005.
-- Dr. Celia Chalam, Staff Scientist, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India. October to December 2003.
-- Dr. Bikash Mandal, Senior Scientist, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India May, 2000 to April 2002.
-- Dr. A. Wangai, Staff Scientist, Kenyan Agricultural Research Institute, National Plant Breeding Research Center, Njoro, Kenya (Fulbright Fellow) September 1998 to September 1999.
-- Dr. A.I. Bhat, Junior Scientist, Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India; April 1998 to April 1999.
-- Dr. R.K. Jain, Senior Scientist, Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. January 1997 to January 1998.
-- Mr. Hong-Soo Choi, Staff Scientist, Plant Pathology Division, Dept. of Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Suwon, Republic of Korea November-December, 1998).

Research and outreach activities are supported by

WSU Agricultural Research Center, WSU Office of Research, WSU Office of International Programs, American Dahlia Society, USDA-CSREES, Washington State Potato Commission, Washington State Commission for Pesticide Registration, Pacific Northwest Vegetable Association, Columbia Basin Vegetable Seed Association, USDA Northwest Nursery Crop Research Center, CA Garlic and Onion Research Advisory Board, Nevada Onion Commission, and the Idaho State Department of Agriculture, Nursery and Florist Advisory Committee/Idaho Nursery & Landscape Associaon.

 


Hanu Pappu

Office: 353 Johnson Hall
Lab: 123 Vogel Plant Biosciences Building

 

Mailing address:

Department of Plant Pathology
PO Box 646430
Washington State University
Pullman, WA 99164-6430
USA

Tel.: (509) 335-3752
Fax: (509) 335-9581
E-mail: hrp@wsu.edu

 

Teaching:

Viruses and Virus Diseases of Crops - PlP511. 4 credits.
An extensive and intensive overview of the nature of plant viruses including taxonomy, classification, disease induction, economic impact, plant-virus interactions, transmission, genome structure and organization, ecology, epidemiology and control. Cross-listed with University of Idaho (PlSc 511).  Offered spring semester of odd years.

Molecular Genetics of Plant Pathogen Interactions - PlP 535. 3 credits. Genetic and molecular biological aspects of host-pathogen interactions. Team taught course. Cross-listed with University of Idaho (PlSc 535). Offered spring semester of even years.

General Plant Pathology - PlP 429/529. 3 credits. Classification, symptoms, causes, epidemiology, and control of plant diseases. Team taught (with Dr. Tim Murray). Offered every fall semester.

Biotechnology and Social Change. SOCI 4490. Department of Sociology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA.  Undergraduate course offered every year in May (Maymester). Invited guest lectures on principles and practice of biotechnology for crop improvement. Two modules of three hours each.

Crop Biotechnology. CropS 425:
Department of Crops and Soils. Guest lecture on the regulatory framework for field testing and commercialization of GM crops in the US.

Outreach Activities:

Dahlia
Pappu, H.R, and S.D. Wyatt. Viral Diseases of Dahlia. A web page with information on diagnosis and management of viral diseases of dahlia. http://dahlia.wsu.edu. Supported by the American Dahlia Society (http://www.dahlia.org/) and the WSU Agricultural Research Center (http://arc.cahe.wsu.edu/).

 

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Department of Plant Pathology, PO Box 646430, Washington State University, Pullman WA 99164-6430, 509-335-9541, Contact Us